Transforming Steel

Transformation of the steel industry | critical factors
  • Direct iron reduction with green hydrogen
  • Carbon capture and storage (CCS)
  • Additional gains will come from direct iron reduction with natural gas (with CCS on remaining emissions), and increased scrap use

Global burden of steel production

Industry-endorsed strategy

In 2022, we developed a Steel Sector Transition Strategy in collaboration with a diverse set of industry leaders. This provides a shared vision for a clean steel future, modelling of pathways, real economy milestones and the industry, policy and finance actions required to get there. Assumptions have not been updated since publication, but the STS still represents a quantitative reference point.

Sector Transition Strategy documents

Report | Making net-zero steel possible

Industry-backed 1.5°C aligned transition strategy download

Executive summary download
Infographics summary download
Pathways to net zero interactive modelling
Model code github

Further reading | Steel

Reuters Events: Global Energy Forum 2026 brings together 600+ senior leaders from across energy, finance, technology and policy to address the decisions reshaping global energy markets.

A rare bit of positive news in a turbulent year: clean industry investment is accelerating. Data from our newly-published Global Project Tracker update shows that 19 commercial-scale clean industrial projects reached final investment decision in the past six months – more than double the pace of a year ago.

Kassø, in southern Denmark, is now home to one of the world’s first operational e-methanol facilities, producing 42,000 tonnes per year from a 304 MW solar park, a 52 MW electrolyser and biogenic CO₂ captured from a local biogas facility. It reached FID in January 2022 without operating subsidies and started operations in 2025.

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